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KMID : 1161420140170050599
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2014 Volume.17 No. 5 p.599 ~ p.605
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Silibinin Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Substantia Nigra In Vivo
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Jung Un-Ju
Jeon Min-Tae
Choi Myung-Sook
Kim Sang-Ryong
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Abstract
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) pathway. The cause of neuronal death in PD is largely unknown, but it is becoming clear that inflammation plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of PD. Silibinin is a major flavonoid in milk thistle which has an anti-inflammatory activity. We investigated whether silibinin could have neuroprotective effects on DA neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-treated animal model of PD in vivo. To address this question, animals received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections 10, 50, or 100?mg/kg of silibinin, starting 1 day before MPP+ injection and continued daily until 6 days post-lesion for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) staining, or until 1 hour prior to the MPP+ injection to examine the expression levels of inflammatory proteins. Finally, their brains were harvested at the indicated time points for the analyses. Silibinin treatment with 10?mg/kg had no significantly neuroprotective effects in the substantia nigra (SN). However, 50 and 100?mg/kg of silibinin ameliorated the MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in the SN in a dose-dependent manner, and the increased levels of inflammatory molecules such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by MPP+ treatment were attenuated by treatment with 100?mg/kg of silibinin. These results indicate that silibinin could be a useful and beneficial natural product offering promise for the prevention of DA neuronal degeneration involved in PD.
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KEYWORD
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anti-inflammation, neurodegeneration, neuroprotection, Parkinson's disease, silibinin
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